Understanding Fragrance Notes

Understanding Fragrance Notes: The Olfactive Pyramid

Perfumery compositions are structured chronologically, revealing distinct layers of aromatics as volatile compounds evaporate at varying rates.

Top Notes (The Opening)

Top notes provide the initial impression immediately after atomizing. Characterized by small, light molecular structures—such as bergamot, pink pepper, mandarin, or crisp aldehydes—they introduce the fragrance with vibrant clarity before yielding to deeper layers within fifteen to thirty minutes.

Heart Notes (The Theme)

As the initial brightness subsides, the heart notes emerge. Often composed of rich florals, aromatic spices, or green botanicals, this layer forms the personality and emotional character of the fragrance, enduring between two and four hours.

Base Notes (The Dry-Down)

The foundation of the fragrance consists of heavy, slow-evaporating molecules including amber, musk, sandalwood, cedar, and benzoin. These base notes anchor the composition, lingering on skin and woven fabrics for the remainder of the day.